Beste Weg, um zu finden, die position im Stream, wo bestimmten byte-Sequenz beginnt

Behandeln, wenn Sie den stream wie das andere Byte-Reihenfolge, Sie können suchen Sie einfach, wie Sie es Taten, eine Zeichenfolge zu suchen. Wikipedia hat einen tollen Artikel über das. Boyer-Moore ist ein guter und einfacher Algorithmus für diese.

Hier ein schneller hack, den ich zusammen gestellt habe in Java. Es funktioniert und es ist ziemlich nah, wenn nicht von Boyer-Moore. Hoffe es hilft 😉

public static final int BUFFER_SIZE = 32;

public static int [] buildShiftArray(byte [] byteSequence){
    int [] shifts = new int[byteSequence.length];
    int [] ret;
    int shiftCount = 0;
    byte end = byteSequence[byteSequence.length-1];
    int index = byteSequence.length-1;
    int shift = 1;

    while(--index >= 0){
        if(byteSequence[index] == end){
            shifts[shiftCount++] = shift;
            shift = 1;
        } else {
            shift++;
        }
    }
    ret = new int[shiftCount];
    for(int i = 0;i < shiftCount;i++){
        ret[i] = shifts[i];
    }
    return ret;
}

public static byte [] flushBuffer(byte [] buffer, int keepSize){
    byte [] newBuffer = new byte[buffer.length];
    for(int i = 0;i < keepSize;i++){
        newBuffer[i] = buffer[buffer.length - keepSize + i];
    }
    return newBuffer;
}

public static int findBytes(byte [] haystack, int haystackSize, byte [] needle, int [] shiftArray){
    int index = needle.length;
    int searchIndex, needleIndex, currentShiftIndex = 0, shift;
    boolean shiftFlag = false;

    index = needle.length;
    while(true){
        needleIndex = needle.length-1;
        while(true){
            if(index >= haystackSize)
                return -1;
            if(haystack[index] == needle[needleIndex])
                break;
            index++;
        }
        searchIndex = index;
        needleIndex = needle.length-1;
        while(needleIndex >= 0 && haystack[searchIndex] == needle[needleIndex]){
            searchIndex--;
            needleIndex--;
        }
        if(needleIndex < 0)
            return index-needle.length+1;
        if(shiftFlag){
            shiftFlag = false;
            index += shiftArray[0];
            currentShiftIndex = 1;
        } else if(currentShiftIndex >= shiftArray.length){
            shiftFlag = true;
            index++;
        } else{
            index += shiftArray[currentShiftIndex++];
        }           
    }
}

public static int findBytes(InputStream stream, byte [] needle){
    byte [] buffer = new byte[BUFFER_SIZE];
    int [] shiftArray = buildShiftArray(needle);
    int bufferSize, initBufferSize;
    int offset = 0, init = needle.length;
    int val;

    try{
        while(true){
            bufferSize = stream.read(buffer, needle.length-init, buffer.length-needle.length+init);
            if(bufferSize == -1)
                return -1;
            if((val = findBytes(buffer, bufferSize+needle.length-init, needle, shiftArray)) != -1)
                return val+offset;
            buffer = flushBuffer(buffer, needle.length);
            offset += bufferSize-init;
            init = 0;
        }
    } catch (IOException e){
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    return -1;
}

Brauchte ich, diese selbst zu tun, hatte bereits begonnen, und wusste nicht, wie die oben genannten Lösungen. Ich habe ausdrücklich gebraucht, um herauszufinden, wo die Suche-byte-Sequenz endet. In meiner situation brauche ich, um einen schnellen Vorlauf der stream, bis nach, dass die byte-Reihenfolge. Aber Sie können meine Lösung für diese Frage zu:

var afterSequence = stream.ScanUntilFound(byteSequence);
var beforeSequence = afterSequence - byteSequence.Length;

Hier ist StreamExtensions.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace System
{

    static class StreamExtensions
    {
        ///<summary>
        ///Advances the supplied stream until the given searchBytes are found, without advancing too far (consuming any bytes from the stream after the searchBytes are found).
        ///Regarding efficiency, if the stream is network or file, then MEMORY/CPU optimisations will be of little consequence here.
        ///</summary>
        ///<param name="stream">The stream to search in</param>
        ///<param name="searchBytes">The byte sequence to search for</param>
        ///<returns></returns>
        public static int ScanUntilFound(this Stream stream, byte[] searchBytes)
        {
            //For this class code comments, a common example is assumed:
            //searchBytes are {1,2,3,4} or 1234 for short
            //# means value that is outside of search byte sequence

            byte[] streamBuffer = new byte[searchBytes.Length];
            int nextRead = searchBytes.Length;
            int totalScannedBytes = 0;

            while (true)
            {
                FillBuffer(stream, streamBuffer, nextRead);
                totalScannedBytes += nextRead; //this is only used for final reporting of where it was found in the stream

                if (ArraysMatch(searchBytes, streamBuffer, 0))
                    return totalScannedBytes; //found it

                nextRead = FindPartialMatch(searchBytes, streamBuffer);
            }
        }

        ///<summary>
        ///Check all offsets, for partial match. 
        ///</summary>
        ///<param name="searchBytes"></param>
        ///<param name="streamBuffer"></param>
        ///<returns>The amount of bytes which need to be read in, next round</returns>
        static int FindPartialMatch(byte[] searchBytes, byte[] streamBuffer)
        {
            //1234 = 0 - found it. this special case is already catered directly in ScanUntilFound            
            //#123 = 1 - partially matched, only missing 1 value
            //##12 = 2 - partially matched, only missing 2 values
            //###1 = 3 - partially matched, only missing 3 values
            //#### = 4 - not matched at all

            for (int i = 1; i < searchBytes.Length; i++)
            {
                if (ArraysMatch(searchBytes, streamBuffer, i))
                {
                    //EG. Searching for 1234, have #123 in the streamBuffer, and [i] is 1
                    //Output: 123#, where # will be read using FillBuffer next. 
                    Array.Copy(streamBuffer, i, streamBuffer, 0, searchBytes.Length - i);
                    return i; //if an offset of [i], makes a match then only [i] bytes need to be read from the stream to check if there's a match
                }
            }

            return 4;
        }

        ///<summary>
        ///Reads bytes from the stream, making sure the requested amount of bytes are read (streams don't always fulfill the full request first time)
        ///</summary>
        ///<param name="stream">The stream to read from</param>
        ///<param name="streamBuffer">The buffer to read into</param>
        ///<param name="bytesNeeded">How many bytes are needed. If less than the full size of the buffer, it fills the tail end of the streamBuffer</param>
        static void FillBuffer(Stream stream, byte[] streamBuffer, int bytesNeeded)
        {
            //EG1. [123#] - bytesNeeded is 1, when the streamBuffer contains first three matching values, but now we need to read in the next value at the end 
            //EG2. [####] - bytesNeeded is 4

            var bytesAlreadyRead = streamBuffer.Length - bytesNeeded; //invert
            while (bytesAlreadyRead < streamBuffer.Length)
            {
                bytesAlreadyRead += stream.Read(streamBuffer, bytesAlreadyRead, streamBuffer.Length - bytesAlreadyRead);
            }
        }

        ///<summary>
        ///Checks if arrays match exactly, or with offset. 
        ///</summary>
        ///<param name="searchBytes">Bytes to search for. Eg. [1234]</param>
        ///<param name="streamBuffer">Buffer to match in. Eg. [#123] </param>
        ///<param name="startAt">When this is zero, all bytes are checked. Eg. If this value 1, and it matches, this means the next byte in the stream to read may mean a match</param>
        ///<returns></returns>
        static bool ArraysMatch(byte[] searchBytes, byte[] streamBuffer, int startAt)
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < searchBytes.Length - startAt; i++)
            {
                if (searchBytes[i] != streamBuffer[i + startAt])
                    return false;
            }
            return true;
        }
    }
}