Die linux-Systemaufruf verwendet wird, durch den ls-Befehl unter linux zum anzeigen der Ordner - /Dateinamen?
Wollte ich wissen, welche system-Aufruf wird in linux durch den Befehl ls zur Anzeige der Ordner (oder eine Datei mit den Namen)? Insbesondere die Dateien/Ordner beginnend mit "." (Punkt)
Ich ausgeführt die strace ls -a
Befehl zum Blick auf das system fordert.Es gibt eine Menge von fstat
Anrufe, die auftreten, für die alle anderen Attribute (inode zu permisisons). Welche tatsächlich gibt es den Namen?
execve("/bin/ls", ["ls", "-a"], [/* 37 vars */]) = 0
brk(0) = 0x1762000
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f1c14025000
access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=109464, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 109464, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f1c1400a000
close(3) = 0
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libselinux.so.1", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0\20T\0\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=121936, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 2221680, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f1c13be6000
mprotect(0x7f1c13c03000, 2093056, PROT_NONE) = 0
mmap(0x7f1c13e02000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x1c000) = 0x7f1c13e02000
mmap(0x7f1c13e04000, 1648, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f1c13e04000
close(3) = 0
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/librt.so.1", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0\340!\0\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=31752, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 2128984, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f1c139de000
mprotect(0x7f1c139e5000, 2093056, PROT_NONE) = 0
mmap(0x7f1c13be4000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x6000) = 0x7f1c13be4000
close(3) = 0
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libacl.so.1", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\33\0\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=31096, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f1c14009000
mmap(NULL, 2126312, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f1c137d6000
mprotect(0x7f1c137dd000, 2093056, PROT_NONE) = 0
mmap(0x7f1c139dc000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x6000) = 0x7f1c139dc000
close(3) = 0
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0\200\30\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1811128, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 3925208, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f1c13417000
mprotect(0x7f1c135cc000, 2093056, PROT_NONE) = 0
mmap(0x7f1c137cb000, 24576, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x1b4000) = 0x7f1c137cb000
mmap(0x7f1c137d1000, 17624, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f1c137d1000
close(3) = 0
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libdl.so.2", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0\340\r\0\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=14768, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 2109704, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f1c13213000
mprotect(0x7f1c13215000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0
mmap(0x7f1c13415000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x2000) = 0x7f1c13415000
close(3) = 0
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread.so.0", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0\200l\0\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=135366, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f1c14008000
mmap(NULL, 2212904, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f1c12ff6000
mprotect(0x7f1c1300e000, 2093056, PROT_NONE) = 0
mmap(0x7f1c1320d000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x17000) = 0x7f1c1320d000
mmap(0x7f1c1320f000, 13352, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f1c1320f000
close(3) = 0
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libattr.so.1", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0\340\17\0\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=18552, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 2113736, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f1c12df1000
mprotect(0x7f1c12df5000, 2093056, PROT_NONE) = 0
mmap(0x7f1c12ff4000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x3000) = 0x7f1c12ff4000
close(3) = 0
mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f1c14007000
mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f1c14005000
arch_prctl(ARCH_SET_FS, 0x7f1c140057c0) = 0
mprotect(0x7f1c137cb000, 16384, PROT_READ) = 0
mprotect(0x7f1c12ff4000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0
mprotect(0x7f1c1320d000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0
mprotect(0x7f1c13415000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0
mprotect(0x7f1c139dc000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0
mprotect(0x7f1c13be4000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0
mprotect(0x7f1c13e02000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0
mprotect(0x618000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0
mprotect(0x7f1c14027000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0
munmap(0x7f1c1400a000, 109464) = 0
set_tid_address(0x7f1c14005a90) = 4490
set_robust_list(0x7f1c14005aa0, 0x18) = 0
futex(0x7fff2e09d99c, FUTEX_WAIT_BITSET_PRIVATE|FUTEX_CLOCK_REALTIME, 1, NULL, 7f1c140057c0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable)
rt_sigaction(SIGRTMIN, {0x7f1c12ffc750, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_SIGINFO, 0x7f1c13005cb0}, NULL, 8) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGRT_1, {0x7f1c12ffc7e0, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART|SA_SIGINFO, 0x7f1c13005cb0}, NULL, 8) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_UNBLOCK, [RTMIN RT_1], NULL, 8) = 0
getrlimit(RLIMIT_STACK, {rlim_cur=8192*1024, rlim_max=RLIM_INFINITY}) = 0
statfs("/selinux", {f_type="EXT2_SUPER_MAGIC", f_bsize=4096, f_blocks=238304997, f_bfree=232078639, f_bavail=219973436, f_files=60530688, f_ffree=60120220, f_fsid={ -1173666966, -474985328}, f_namelen=255, f_frsize=4096}) = 0
brk(0) = 0x1762000
brk(0x1783000) = 0x1783000
open("/proc/filesystems", O_RDONLY) = 3
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0444, st_size=0, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f1c14024000
read(3, "nodev\tsysfs\nnodev\trootfs\nnodev\tb"..., 1024) = 328
read(3, "", 1024) = 0
close(3) = 0
munmap(0x7f1c14024000, 4096) = 0
open("/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=7220736, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 7220736, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f1c1270e000
close(3) = 0
ioctl(1, SNDCTL_TMR_TIMEBASE or TCGETS, {B38400 opost isig icanon echo ...}) = 0
ioctl(1, TIOCGWINSZ, {ws_row=41, ws_col=144, ws_xpixel=0, ws_ypixel=0}) = 0
openat(AT_FDCWD, ".", O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK|O_DIRECTORY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
getdents(3, /* 2 entries */, 32768) = 48
getdents(3, /* 0 entries */, 32768) = 0
close(3) = 0
fstat(1, {st_mode=S_IFCHR|0620, st_rdev=makedev(136, 0), ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f1c14024000
write(1, ". ..\n", 6. ..
) = 6
close(1) = 0
munmap(0x7f1c14024000, 4096) = 0
close(2) = 0
exit_group(0) = ?
InformationsquelleAutor footy | 2012-10-16
Du musst angemeldet sein, um einen Kommentar abzugeben.
Meisten system calls gibt es Lärm von loading shared libraries am Start. Die interessanten Dinge passieren hier:
Den
openat(2)
Systemaufruf wird verwendet, um das aktuelle Verzeichnis ("."
) relativ zum aktuellen Arbeitsverzeichnis (dieAT_FDCWD
flag). DieO_DIRECTORY
flag zeigt an, dass es will, öffnen Sie das Verzeichnis und Lesen Sie die Verzeichnisinhalte.Dem aktuellen Verzeichnis Daten isread mit der
getdents(2)
system nennen. In diesem Fall, er rief es zweimal, da, bis es 0 zurückgibt, ist es nicht sicher, ob es noch mehr Daten, oder nicht. Endlich, der Dateideskriptor wird geschlossen, wenn es fertig ist.Wenn Sie Ihr eigenes Programm schreiben, aber Sie würde nicht nennen diese direkt-stattdessen würden Sie verwenden
opendir(3)
,readdir(3)
, undclosedir(3)
zu Lesen ein Verzeichnis. Sie sind portabel (POSIX-konform), und Sie isolieren Sie von den details der zugrunde liegenden system-Aufrufe. Sie sind auch leichter zu verwenden, IMO.InformationsquelleAutor Adam Rosenfield
es ist die stat(2) syscall die Abfrage des status einer Datei (vielleicht ein Verzeichnis); wenn Sie ein file-descriptor (nach einem
open(2)
syscall), die Sie verwenden können, fstat(2)Zu Lesen ein Verzeichnis, Sie werden besser, verwenden Sie die
readdir(3)
- Funktion, die ruft die getdents(2) syscall.InformationsquelleAutor Basile Starynkevitch