Hinzufügen von docstrings zu namedtuples?

Können Sie erreichen dies, indem eine einfache, leere wrapper-Klasse um den zurückgegebenen Wert aus namedtuple. Inhalt einer Datei, die ich erstellt (nt.py):

from collections import namedtuple

Point_ = namedtuple("Point", ["x", "y"])

class Point(Point_):
    """ A point in 2d space """
    pass

Dann in der Python-REPL:

>>> print nt.Point.__doc__
 A point in 2d space 

Oder Sie tun können:

>>> help(nt.Point)  # which outputs...

Hilfe auf der Point-Klasse in-Modul-nt: 

Klasse Punkt(Punkt) 
| Ein Punkt im 2d-Raum 
| 
| Method resolution order: 
| Point 
| Point 
| __builtin__.Tupel 
| __builtin__.Objekt 
... 

Wenn Sie nicht wie zu tun, die von hand jedes mal, es ist trivial zu schreiben, eine Art-factory-Funktion, um dies zu tun:

def NamedTupleWithDocstring(docstring, *ntargs):
    nt = namedtuple(*ntargs)
    class NT(nt):
        __doc__ = docstring
    return NT

Point3D = NamedTupleWithDocstring("A point in 3d space", "Point3d", ["x", "y", "z"])

p3 = Point3D(1,2,3)

print p3.__doc__

welche Ausgänge:

A point in 3d space

In Python 3, kein wrapper benötigt wird, als die __doc__ Attribute der Typen beschreibbar ist.

from collections import namedtuple

Point = namedtuple('Point', 'x y')
Point.__doc__ = '''\
A 2-dimensional coordinate

x - the abscissa
y - the ordinate'''

Diesem genau entspricht einer standard-definition der Klasse, wo der docstring folgt der header.

class Point():
    '''A 2-dimensional coordinate

    x - the abscissa
    y - the ordinate'''
    <class code>

Funktioniert das nicht in Python 2.

AttributeError: attribute '__doc__' of 'type' objects is not writable.

Da Python 3.5, docstrings für namedtuple Objekte aktualisiert werden können.

Aus der whatsnew:

Point = namedtuple('Point', ['x', 'y'])
Point.__doc__ += ': Cartesian coodinate'
Point.x.__doc__ = 'abscissa'
Point.y.__doc__ = 'ordinate'

Keine Notwendigkeit für die Verwendung einer wrapper-Klasse, so der Vorschlag die akzeptierte Antwort. Einfach wörtlich hinzufügen einen docstring:

from collections import namedtuple

Point = namedtuple("Point", ["x", "y"])
Point.__doc__="A point in 2D space"

Ergibt dies: (Beispiel mit ipython3):

In [1]: Point?
Type:       type
String Form:<class '__main__.Point'>
Docstring:  A point in 2D space

In [2]: 

Voilà!

Habe ich diese Funktion schnell zu erstellen eine benannte Tupel-und Dokument-Tupel zusammen mit jedem der Parameter:

from collections import namedtuple


def named_tuple(name, description='', **kwargs):
    """
    A named tuple with docstring documentation of each of its parameters
    :param str name: The named tuple's name
    :param str description: The named tuple's description
    :param kwargs: This named tuple's parameters' data with two different ways to describe said parameters. Format:
        <pre>{
            str: ( # The parameter's name
                str, # The parameter's type
                str # The parameter's description
            ),
            str: str, # The parameter's name: the parameter's description
            ... # Any other parameters
        }</pre>
    :return: collections.namedtuple
    """
    parameter_names = list(kwargs.keys())

    result = namedtuple(name, ' '.join(parameter_names))

    # If there are any parameters provided (such that this is not an empty named tuple)
    if len(parameter_names):
        # Add line spacing before describing this named tuple's parameters
        if description is not '':
            description += "\n"

        # Go through each parameter provided and add it to the named tuple's docstring description
        for parameter_name in parameter_names:
            parameter_data = kwargs[parameter_name]

            # Determine whether parameter type is included along with the description or
            # if only a description was provided
            parameter_type = ''
            if isinstance(parameter_data, str):
                parameter_description = parameter_data
            else:
                parameter_type, parameter_description = parameter_data

            description += "\n:param {type}{name}: {description}".format(
                type=parameter_type + ' ' if parameter_type else '',
                name=parameter_name,
                description=parameter_description
            )

            # Change the docstring specific to this parameter
            getattr(result, parameter_name).__doc__ = parameter_description

    # Set the docstring description for the resulting named tuple
    result.__doc__ = description

    return result

Können Sie dann erstellen Sie eine neue benannte Tupel:

MyTuple = named_tuple(
    "MyTuple",
    "My named tuple for x,y coordinates",
    x="The x value",
    y="The y value"
)

Dann instanziieren der beschriebenen benannte Tupel mit Ihren eigenen Daten, dh.

t = MyTuple(4, 8)
print(t) # prints: MyTuple(x=4, y=8)

Beim ausführen help(MyTuple) über die Python ist3 Befehlszeile die folgende angezeigt:

Help on class MyTuple:

class MyTuple(builtins.tuple)
 |  MyTuple(x, y)
 |
 |  My named tuple for x,y coordinates
 |
 |  :param x: The x value
 |  :param y: The y value
 |
 |  Method resolution order:
 |      MyTuple
 |      builtins.tuple
 |      builtins.object
 |
 |  Methods defined here:
 |
 |  __getnewargs__(self)
 |      Return self as a plain tuple.  Used by copy and pickle.
 |
 |  __repr__(self)
 |      Return a nicely formatted representation string
 |
 |  _asdict(self)
 |      Return a new OrderedDict which maps field names to their values.
 |
 |  _replace(_self, **kwds)
 |      Return a new MyTuple object replacing specified fields with new values
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Class methods defined here:
 |
 |  _make(iterable) from builtins.type
 |      Make a new MyTuple object from a sequence or iterable
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Static methods defined here:
 |
 |  __new__(_cls, x, y)
 |      Create new instance of MyTuple(x, y)
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Data descriptors defined here:
 |
 |  x
 |      The x value
 |
 |  y
 |      The y value
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Data and other attributes defined here:
 |  
 |  _fields = ('x', 'y')
 |  
 |  _fields_defaults = {}
 |  
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Methods inherited from builtins.tuple:
 |  
 |  __add__(self, value, /)
 |      Return self+value.
 |  
 |  __contains__(self, key, /)
 |      Return key in self.
 |  
 |  __eq__(self, value, /)
 |      Return self==value.
 |  
 |  __ge__(self, value, /)
 |      Return self>=value.
 |  
 |  __getattribute__(self, name, /)
 |      Return getattr(self, name).
 |  
 |  __getitem__(self, key, /)
 |      Return self[key].
 |  
 |  __gt__(self, value, /)
 |      Return self>value.
 |  
 |  __hash__(self, /)
 |      Return hash(self).
 |  
 |  __iter__(self, /)
 |      Implement iter(self).
 |  
 |  __le__(self, value, /)
 |      Return self<=value.
 |  
 |  __len__(self, /)
 |      Return len(self).
 |  
 |  __lt__(self, value, /)
 |      Return self<value.
 |  
 |  __mul__(self, value, /)
 |      Return self*value.
 |  
 |  __ne__(self, value, /)
 |      Return self!=value.
 |  
 |  __rmul__(self, value, /)
 |      Return value*self.
 |  
 |  count(self, value, /)
 |      Return number of occurrences of value.
 |  
 |  index(self, value, start=0, stop=9223372036854775807, /)
 |      Return first index of value.
 |      
 |      Raises ValueError if the value is not present.

Alternativ können Sie auch angeben, Typ des Parameters über:

MyTuple = named_tuple(
    "MyTuple",
    "My named tuple for x,y coordinates",
    x=("int", "The x value"),
    y=("int", "The y value")
)